Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) SLC Practice Exam

Which term refers to the process of cleaning to remove dirt and reduce germs?

1. Sanitation

2. Sterilization

3. Disinfection

4. Decontamination

The correct answer is: Sanitation

The term that most accurately refers to the process of cleaning to remove dirt and reduce germs is sanitation. Sanitation involves the practice of maintaining a clean environment, which includes regular cleaning to eliminate dirt, food residue, and other contaminants, thereby reducing the presence of harmful microorganisms. This process is essential in many settings such as restaurants, healthcare facilities, and public spaces to promote health and prevent the spread of illness. While other terms like sterilization, disinfection, and decontamination also relate to cleanliness and germ reduction, they involve different levels of effectiveness and procedures. Sterilization is the complete elimination of all microorganisms, including spores, whereas disinfection involves using chemicals to kill a high percentage of pathogens on surfaces but may not eliminate all germs. Decontamination refers to the process of removing or neutralizing contaminants but is often broader than just cleaning for the purpose of reducing germs. Thus, sanitation is the most appropriate term for the specific action of cleaning to lower the risk of infection.